Tag Archives: 1067mm gauge

The North British Locomotive Company J Class Locomotives on New Zealand’s 3ft 6in-Gauge Network

8 Replies

Towards the end of March 2024, I stumbled across a number of journals of the New Zealand Model Railway Guild. One of these, the March 2021 edition, included a pictorial article about J1211 North British 4-8-2 Locomotive No. 24534 of 1939. [6] The June 2021 issue included a history of the class [7: p13-15] and General Arrangement plans as originally carried in the Railway Gazette in 1940. [7: p22-24] Also in that journal are four photographs of J1211 in service between 1960 and 1970. [8]

40 No 4-8-2  locomotives which were built in 1939 by the North British Locomotive Company and became the New Zealand Railways (NZR) J class.

They were designed to provide a mixed traffic locomotive suitable for running on the lighter secondary lines of the NZR network, and for express passenger trains in major routes.

“The J class incorporated roller bearing axles, hydrostatic lubrication and twin Westinghouse brake pumps. … They had bar frames instead of plate frames and were equipped with Baker Valve-gear.  The locomotives were attached to Vanderbilt tenders and were outshopped with distinctive bullet-nosed streamlining.” [1] The streamlining also encompassed the full length of the top of the boiler between the cab and the smoke box door and the area immediately beneath the smoke box door.

The J Class locos were out shopped with a distinctive streamlining from the cab to the top of the smoke box door and with a bullet-nosed smoke box door. [2]

New Zealand’s North Island benefitted from the first thirty of the class placed into service. The South Island hosted the remaining ten locomotives which apparently were used “The first 30 of the class in service were allocated to the North Island, with the remaining ten locomotives allocated to the South Island where they were used “on the hilly section between Dunedin and Oamaru. They were immediately placed into service on the main trunk routes in both islands in order to help move wartime traffic during the Second Word War. Although used on freight trains as well, the class was well suited to high-speed running on the passenger trains of the era.” [1]

Apparently, the streamlining became “burdensome for maintenance and the skyline casing, which was open at the top proved to be a trap for soot from the locomotive’s exhaust. After a time, the skyline casing started to be removed from some examples of the class leaving them with just the bullet nose.” [1]

Ultimately the bullet nose was also removed from the majority of these locomotives.

The locomotives of the class had their streamlining removed in the war years. [2]

Members of the class “were generally considered to be a very reliable engine and well suited to their task. … They were capable of speeds of over 60 mph with a 300-ton express train. …. However, today surviving engines being used to haul excursion trains are restricted to 80 kph. … On favourable grades a single J could move a 1000-ton train.” [7: p14]

“The design was successful enough that NZR opted to build an improved variant  … in its own  Hillside workshops from 1946.” [1] These ‘Ja’ class locomotives were numbered 1240 to 1274 and became “the mainstay of the South Island rail services. Meanwhile North British were commissioned to build another 16, numbered from 1275 to 1290, also classified ‘Ja’, but they were oil fired and to be based in the North Island. … The sixteen ‘Ja’ from North British were the last steam locomotives to enter service with the NZR.” [7: p15]

Three J Class 4-8-2 are noted by Trainweb [2] as having been preserved:

J 1234, North British #24557/1939. For some time based at Glenbrook Vintage Railway, Auckland.. This locomotive is owned by Steam Incorporated of Paekakariki, and was leased to the Glenbrook Vintage Railway in 1998. The locomotive was returned to Paekakariki in June 2015.  [4] It is now in storage awaiting a 2nd restoration at Paekakariki. [5]

J 1211 “Gloria”, North British #24534/1939. Mainline Steam Heritage Trust, Auckland (Operational). [3]

J 1236,  North British #24559/1939. Mainline Steam Heritage Trust, Auckland (Being Restored). [2]

References

  1. https://preservedbritishsteamlocomotives.com/north-british-locomotive-comapany-works-no-24534-class-j-j-1211-gloria-4-8-2-new-zealand-railways, accessed on 26th March 2024.
  2. http://www.trainweb.org/nzsteam/j_4-8-2.html, accessed on 26th March 2024.
  3. https://www.mainlinesteam.co.nz/history, accessed on 26th March 2024.
  4. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glenbrook_Vintage_Railway, accessed on 26th March 2024.
  5. https://www.steaminc.org.nz/our-rail-fleet/steam-locomotives, accessed on 26th March 2024.
  6. 50’s Focus; NZ Model Railway Journal, Issue No. 413, March 2021, p14-15.
  7. North British 4-8-2 J Class Locomotive; NZ Railway Journal, Issue No. 414, June 2021.
  8. Sixties Style!; NZ Railway Journal, Issue No. 414, June 2021, p16-17.